Infertility is nothing more than an inability to conceive after one year of regular and unprotected intercourse for couples generally under the age of 35. Medically, infertility affects both men and women and can be caused by multiple factors including Ovulatory disorders, Tubal & Uterine factors, Male factors, Age related factors, Endometriosis, PID, Unexplained infertility and lifestyle factors.
It is very important to know that, Infertility does not necessarily mean a couple can never conceive. Medical science has proven to be very effective for people with infertility. With advancement in various Assisted Reproductive technologies (ART) and reproductive medicine, many couples, globally, have overcome infertility and achieved a successful pregnancy. However, treatment options may vary from person to person and only a certified Fertility Specialist can ascertain the right treatment after a detailed diagnosis.
Diagnosis of infertility is not easy. It generally includes a comprehensive evaluation of both partners to identify the underlying causes. The process includes:
Medical History & Physical Examination
Here, generally both partners are asked about their medical history, including any pre-existing conditions, surgeries or previous pregnancies.
Physical examination might be conducted to identify any physical or potential physical issue.
Evaluation in Men
The most important evaluation in men is the Semen analysis that includes analyzing semen samples to know the sperm count, sperm morphology and sperm motility.
Hormonal tests might also be conducted to know testosterone levels and other relevant hormones.
A scrotal ultrasound may be performed too, to check for any structural abnormalities.
Evaluation in Women
In women, Ovulation assessment can be done through methods like tracking menstrual cycles, basal body temperature charting, or ovulation predictor kits.
Hormonal tests are also done to evaluate hormone levels related to reproductive functions such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol, and progesterone.
Your doctor may also suggest a transvaginal ultrasound to examine the ovaries and uterus for any abnormalities, and
Hysterosalpingography (HSG) or sonohysterography to evaluate the condition of your fallopian tubes and uterus.
Apart from this, your doctor may suggest tests to check the presence of any infectious diseases, genetic abnormalities, or other conditions that could affect your fertility.
Additionally, as infertility is emotionally challenging, many fertility specialists can suggest couples to undergo counseling or psychological evaluation to address the emotional aspects of the process.
After the diagnosis, the healthcare team will discuss the findings with the couple and develop a personalized treatment plan based on the identified causes of infertility. Treatment options may include lifestyle changes, medication, assisted reproductive technologies (ART), or a combination of these approaches. It's important for couples experiencing infertility to seek guidance from experienced fertility professionals to understand their options and make informed decisions. Want to consult a doctor, talk to Santaan today.